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Enamel epithelium expresses bone sialoprotein (BSP)

J Chen¹, K Sasaguri, J Sodek

¹Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78284, USA. chenj2@uthscsa.edu

European Journal of Oral Sciences

|April 16, 1998

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Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is crucial for bone mineralization and is expressed in enamel-forming cells during tooth development. This suggests a potential role for BSP in enamel formation and mineralization, and possibly in ameloblastoma tumorigenesis.

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Developmental Biology
Oral Biology

Background:

Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is a key non-collagenous extracellular matrix protein in bone and mineralized tissues.
BSP is synthesized and secreted by cells forming bone, dentin, and cementum.
Its role in enamel formation and mineralization is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential involvement of BSP in enamel formation.
To examine BSP expression in developing teeth and ameloblastomas.

Main Methods:

In situ hybridization using cRNA probes for rat and hamster BSP.
Immunohistochemical analysis of tooth tissues from transgenic mice.
Analysis of ameloblastoma tissues for BSP mRNA and protein expression.

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Main Results:

Strong BSP mRNA signals were detected in ameloblasts during active enamel matrix synthesis in developing incisors.
BSP expression was observed in the enamel epithelium of developing tooth germs.
BSP was also expressed in ameloblastoma epithelial cells, with mRNA signals in neoplastic nests and cords.

Conclusions:

BSP is expressed by the enamel-forming epithelium, suggesting a role in enamel formation and mineralization.
BSP gene expression in ameloblastomas aligns with its expression in enamel epithelium and neoplastic tissues, indicating a potential role in tumorigenesis.