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Imaging patterns of neonatal hypoglycemia

A J Barkovich1, F A Ali, H A Rowley

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, USA.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|April 16, 1998
PubMed
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Thalamus L-Sign: A Potential Biomarker of Neonatal Partial, Prolonged Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury or Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy?

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2022

Neonatal hypoglycemia can cause specific brain damage patterns, primarily affecting white matter in the parietal and occipital lobes. This finding aids in understanding and diagnosing brain injury in newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common condition in newborns.
  • Brain damage can occur as a consequence of severe or prolonged hypoglycemia.
  • Understanding injury patterns is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristic patterns of brain injury in infants with neonatal hypoglycemia.
  • To compare these patterns with known injuries from hypoxic-ischemic events.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of imaging studies and clinical records of five patients.
  • Comparison of observed injury patterns with existing literature and other neonatal brain injuries.

Main Results:

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  • Diffuse cortical and subcortical white matter damage was observed.
  • Parietal and occipital lobes were most severely affected.
  • One patient with severe cortical injury also showed globus pallidus injury.

Conclusions:

  • A specific pattern of brain injury associated with neonatal hypoglycemia was identified.
  • This pattern aligns with limited existing pathological and imaging data.
  • The observed damage is hypothesized to result from regional hypoperfusion and excitotoxicity.