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Memory impairment and schizophrenia: the role of processing speed
G Brébion1, X Amador, M J Smith
1New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, NY 10032, USA.
Schizophrenia Research
|July 11, 1998
Summary
Processing speed slowing is linked to memory deficits in schizophrenia. This finding suggests focusing on processing speed in cognitive disorder research.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Slowing of processing speed is a known correlate of cognitive decline in aging.
- Previous research suggests a link between processing speed and memory in various cognitively impaired groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between memory impairment and processing speed in schizophrenia.
- To determine if processing speed deficits contribute to memory deficits in schizophrenia.
Main Methods:
- Administered memory tasks (free recall, recognition) to 44 schizophrenic patients and 40 controls.
- Assessed processing speed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test.
- Evaluated working memory span.
Main Results:
- Processing speed was significantly correlated with multiple memory measures in schizophrenic patients.
- These correlations remained significant even after controlling for working memory span.
- Evidence suggests processing speed is a key factor in memory deficits in schizophrenia.
Conclusions:
- Memory deficits in schizophrenia may be partly explained by a slowing of processing speed.
- Future research on cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and other mental illnesses should prioritize processing speed.
- Understanding the role of processing speed can inform therapeutic interventions for cognitive impairments.