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Related Experiment Videos

Group A streptococcal Vir types are M-protein gene (emm) sequence type specific

D L Gardiner1, A M Goodfellow, D R Martin

  • 1Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia. don@menzies.su.edu.au

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|May 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Sequencing Streptococcus pyogenes M-protein (emm) genes revealed new types and confirmed Vir typing accuracy. This study enhances understanding of emm gene diversity in impetigo isolates.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Streptococcus pyogenes causes impetigo and other skin infections.
  • M-protein genes (emm) are key virulence factors and targets for typing.
  • Vir typing, a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method, is used for S. pyogenes classification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To sequence emm genes from impetiginous S. pyogenes isolates.
  • To compare emm sequence types with existing Vir typing results.
  • To identify novel emm sequence types and understand their genetic diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of emm genes from 103 S. pyogenes isolates.
  • Vir typing using RFLP analysis of a pathogenicity island with HaeIII and HinfI restriction enzymes.

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  • Comparison of obtained emm sequences with GenBank database.

    • Main Results:

    • Complete concordance was observed between Vir type and emm sequence type.
    • New emm sequence types were identified, showing less than 90% identity to known types.
    • Genetic diversity in emm sequences resulted from frameshift, point, and in-frame mutations.

    Conclusions:

    • emm gene sequencing is a reliable method for S. pyogenes typing, correlating with Vir typing.
    • The study identified novel emm types, expanding the known genetic diversity of S. pyogenes.
    • Understanding emm gene mutations provides insights into bacterial evolution and virulence.