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Type II diabetics with macrovascular complications: polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) filtration, PMN membrane
G Caimi1, R Lo Presti, M Montana
1Istituto di Clinica Medica e Malattie Cardiovascolari, Università di Palermo, Italy.
Abstract:
We evaluated polymorphonuclear (PMN) filtration parameters, membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ content in 21 normal subjects and in 18 type II diabetics with macrovascular complications (MVC). Evaluations were carried out at baseline and after in vitro activation prolonged for 5 and 15 min. PMA (4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) were used as stimulating agents. TMA-DPH (1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) was used as fluorescent probe for the membrane fluidity tests and Fura 2-AM for the cytosolic Ca2+ content. A significant variation was evident in PMN filtration parameters at 5 and 15 min. No variation was present in PMN membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ content in normals. In type II diabetics with MVC, we found an increase solely in PMN cytosolic Ca2+ content after PMA activation and an early decrease in PMN membrane fluidity and a late increase in PMN cytosolic Ca2+ content after fMLP activation. After PMA activation alone (at 15 min), PMN filtration distinguishes normals from type II diabetics with MVC. The PMN filtration parameters behave similarly in the two groups, but PMN membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ content behave differently.
Insights
Polymorphonuclear (PMN) filtration parameters can distinguish type II diabetics with macrovascular complications (MVC) from healthy individuals. PMN membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ content differ significantly between these groups after activation.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Cell Biology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often associated with macrovascular complications (MVC).
- Polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell function may be altered in T2DM with MVC.
- Understanding PMN behavior is crucial for assessing diabetic complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate PMN filtration parameters, membrane fluidity, and cytosolic Ca2+ content in individuals with and without T2DM and MVC.
- To investigate the impact of in vitro activation on these PMN characteristics.
- To determine if PMN alterations can differentiate T2DM with MVC from healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Assessed PMN filtration, membrane fluidity (using TMA-DPH), and cytosolic Ca2+ content (using Fura 2-AM).
- Evaluated 21 normal subjects and 18 type II diabetics with MVC at baseline and after 5 and 15 minutes of PMA or fMLP activation.
- Analyzed significant variations in PMN parameters between groups and time points.
Main Results:
- PMN filtration parameters showed significant variation at 5 and 15 minutes post-activation.
- Normal subjects exhibited no significant changes in PMN membrane fluidity or cytosolic Ca2+ content.
- Type II diabetics with MVC displayed increased PMN cytosolic Ca2+ after PMA activation and decreased membrane fluidity with increased Ca2+ after fMLP activation.
Conclusions:
- PMN filtration parameters, particularly after PMA activation at 15 minutes, can distinguish type II diabetics with MVC from normal subjects.
- While PMN filtration parameters behave similarly in both groups, PMN membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ content exhibit distinct differences in T2DM with MVC.
- These findings highlight altered PMN function as a potential indicator of macrovascular complications in type II diabetes.