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Intravascular elastography: principles and potentials

E I Céspedes¹, C L de Korte, A F van der Steen

¹EndoSonics Corporation, Rancho Cordova, California, USA. cespedes@tch.fgg.eur.nl.

Seminars in Interventional Cardiology : SIIC

|March 1, 1997

Summary

Intravascular elastography, an ultrasound technique, can assess atherosclerotic plaque characteristics. This method complements conventional imaging by revealing lesion elasticity, aiding treatment selection.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Medical Imaging
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Mechanical properties of atherosclerotic lesions are crucial for selecting intravascular therapies like angioplasty, stenting, and atherectomy.
Conventional intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) excels at morphological imaging but lacks detailed compositional and mechanical property information.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of intravascular elastography for characterizing atherosclerotic plaque composition.
To demonstrate that elastography can provide complementary information to conventional IVUS imaging.

Main Methods:

Intravascular elastography utilizes ultrasound echo signals from incremental intravascular pressure changes.
Local tissue displacement is estimated using cross-correlation, followed by strain computation to assess tissue compliance.

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Vessel-mimicking phantoms were used to experimentally validate the technique.

Main Results:

Elastograms successfully depicted lesions with varying elasticity, independent of echogenicity.
The elasticity information from elastograms is generally distinct from conventional IVUS data.
Demonstrated feasibility of intravascular elastography in a phantom model.

Conclusions:

Intravascular elastography is a feasible technique for characterizing atherosclerotic plaque elasticity.
Elastography offers complementary information to conventional IVUS, potentially improving lesion characterization.
Further in vitro and in vivo testing is anticipated with instrumentation advancements.