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Related Experiment Videos

The gap effect and express saccades in the auditory modality

R Shafiq1, G W Stuart, J Sandbach

  • 1Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Australia. roxy@neuro-mhri.edu.au

Experimental Brain Research
|April 18, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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The gap effect, a faster eye movement response, is reduced with auditory cues compared to visual cues. This suggests visual fixation disengagement significantly contributes to the gap effect.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • The gap effect shortens eye movement latency when a fixation point disappears before a target appears.
  • Express saccades are very short latency eye movements observed in some individuals.
  • These phenomena are debated to involve attentional or oculomotor fixation disengagement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of visual fixation disengagement in the gap effect and express saccades.
  • To determine if the gap effect persists in the auditory modality, suggesting attentional mechanisms.
  • To differentiate between attentional and oculomotor contributions to the gap effect.

Main Methods:

  • Human subjects performed gap and control tasks using auditory fixation points and targets in darkness.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tasks were repeated over five days to allow for practice effects.
  • Saccadic latencies were measured and compared between visual and auditory modalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Express saccades were not observed even after practice in the auditory modality.
    • A reliable gap effect was found in the auditory modality, but with a smaller latency reduction (17 ms) compared to the visual modality (32 ms).
    • The auditory gap effect suggests a contribution from non-visual attentional disengagement.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings indicate that approximately half of the gap effect is attributable to the disengagement of visual fixation.
    • The remaining gap effect in the auditory modality is likely due to the offset of the auditory stimulus influencing attention.
    • The results support a dual mechanism for the gap effect involving both visual fixation and attentional disengagement.