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Assessing malocclusion--the time factor

D J Tarvit1, T J Freer

  • 1Department of Dentistry, University of Queensland Dental School, Brisbane, Australia.

British Journal of Orthodontics
|April 21, 1998
PubMed
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Orthodontic assessments using subjective severity and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) scores showed significant reductions over four years in adolescents. The Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Treatment Need (IOTN) also improved in the mixed dentition subgroup.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Public Health

Background:

  • Occlusal status assessment for orthodontics can be subjective or use indices.
  • Reproducibility and achieving intended outcomes are crucial for assessment methods.
  • The impact of changes over time on orthodontic assessment has been less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of orthodontic assessment indices over time without intervention.
  • To evaluate changes in subjective severity, Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Treatment Need (IOTN), Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and Dental Health Component (DHC) of the IOTN.
  • To consider the implications of these changes for hypothetical treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study comparing dental casts and photographs of 45 subjects from age 12 to 16.

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  • No orthodontic treatment was administered during the four-year follow-up period.
  • Subjective severity, AC (IOTN), DAI, and DHC (IOTN) scores were assessed by orthodontists and researchers.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant reductions in subjective severity and DAI scores were observed in the overall sample and mixed dentition subgroup.
    • A significant reduction in AC (IOTN) scores was found in the mixed dentition subgroup, but not the overall sample.
    • The DHC (IOTN) categorizations demonstrated greater stability over the study period.

    Conclusions:

    • Orthodontic indices like subjective severity and DAI can change significantly over time in adolescents without treatment.
    • The AC (IOTN) shows potential for change, particularly in mixed dentition, while DHC (IOTN) appears more stable.
    • These findings highlight the dynamic nature of occlusal status and its impact on orthodontic treatment planning over time.