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Controlled-release tablet matrices from carrageenans: compression and dissolution studies

M Hariharan1, T A Wheatley, J C Price

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study explored iota- and lambda-carrageenan for controlled-release tablets. Carrageenan matrices demonstrated near zero-order drug release, with compression pressure having minimal impact, indicating their suitability for pharmaceutical formulations.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Carrageenans are widely used hydrocolloids with potential in drug delivery.
  • Controlled-release drug delivery systems aim to optimize therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate iota-carrageenan (Gelcarin GP-379) and lambda-carrageenan (Viscarin GP-209) as matrix formers for controlled-release tablets.
  • To analyze the compression characteristics and drug release profiles of carrageenan-based tablets.

Main Methods:

  • Tablets were prepared using iota- and lambda-carrageenan.
  • Compression characteristics were analyzed using Heckel plots.
  • Drug release studies were conducted under varying compression pressures and drug loadings.
  • Multiple regression analysis was employed to model drug release.

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Main Results:

  • Yield pressures were 81.3 MPa for iota-carrageenan and 105.2 MPa for lambda-carrageenan.
  • Tablet formulations with equal carrageenan amounts exhibited near zero-order drug release.
  • Compression pressure (70-175 MPa) had minimal effect on drug release.
  • Increased drug loading (5-20%) decreased the diffusional exponent, indicating a shift towards Fickian diffusion.
  • 30% drug loading led to tablet disintegration and non-zero-order release.

Conclusions:

  • Both iota- and lambda-carrageenan are suitable for developing controlled-release tablet matrices.
  • Carrageenan-based matrices offer robust drug release profiles largely independent of compression pressure.
  • Formulation optimization, particularly drug loading, is crucial to prevent premature tablet disintegration.