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New acrylic resin composite with improved thermal diffusivity

P B Messersmith1, A Obrez, S Lindberg

  • 1Division of Biological Materials, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill., USA.

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers enhanced denture base acrylic resin's thermal diffusivity by adding sapphire whiskers. This material modification may improve patient acceptance of dentures by altering food sensory experiences during chewing.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Denture base materials significantly influence patient acceptance by affecting sensory feedback during mastication.
  • Thermal diffusivity is a key material property impacting gustatory perception, with conventional acrylic resins exhibiting low values compared to metal alloys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize an experimental acrylic resin composite with enhanced thermal diffusivity.
  • Investigate the effect of incorporating sapphire whiskers on the thermal properties of denture base materials.

Main Methods:

  • Sapphire (Al2O3) whiskers were incorporated into conventional denture base acrylic resin at 9.35% and 15% by volume.
  • Thermal diffusivity was measured using specimens with embedded thermocouples across a physiological temperature range (0°C–70°C).

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Main Results:

  • Composites containing sapphire whiskers demonstrated significantly higher thermal diffusivity than unmodified acrylic resin.
  • Thermal diffusivity increased proportionally with the volume percentage of sapphire filler, indicating ceramic particle pathways for heat conduction.

Conclusions:

  • The addition of thermally conductive sapphire whiskers effectively increased the thermal diffusivity of denture base acrylic resin.
  • This enhancement presents a potential strategy for improving the sensory properties and patient acceptance of denture prostheses.