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Cyclospora cayetanensis

Y R Ortega1, C R Sterling, R H Gilman

  • 1Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Advances in Parasitology
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cyclospora cayetanensis causes cyclosporiasis, a diarrheal illness. Treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is effective, though transmission routes require further study.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cyclospora cayetanensis is a human coccidian pathogen causing cyclosporiasis, a diarrheal illness.
  • The parasite is found globally, with seasonal patterns, and is associated with protracted diarrheal illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristics of Cyclospora cayetanensis infections.
  • To outline diagnostic methods and treatment options for cyclosporiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of Cyclospora oocysts using phase contrast microscopy, modified acid-fast staining, autofluorescence, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • Histopathological examination of jejunal biopsies to observe parasite presence and host response.

Main Results:

  • Cyclosporiasis symptoms include nausea, anorexia, abdominal cramping, and watery diarrhea.

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  • Oocysts are non-sporulated upon excretion and require sporulation for infection; each sporulated oocyst contains two sporocysts, each with two sporozoites.
  • Histopathology revealed inflammation and parasite presence within epithelial cell cytoplasm.
  • Conclusions:

    • Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an effective treatment for Cyclospora infections.
    • While fecal-oral transmission is suspected, routes like contaminated berries are implicated, and further research is needed.