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Titanium implants and lateral forces. An experimental study with sheep
P Asikainen1, E Klemetti, T Vuillemin
1Department of Oral and Dental Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Clinical Oral Implants Research
|April 29, 1998
Summary
Titanium implants show strong resistance to horizontal forces. Histological evaluation revealed no bone loss or infection, supporting their use in challenging dental applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Veterinary Orthopedics
Background:
- Titanium implants are widely used in dentistry.
- Understanding their mechanical resistance to lateral forces is crucial for long-term success.
- Previous research has not fully explored implant stability under constant horizontal loading.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the resistance of titanium implants to horizontal forces using a sheep model.
- To assess the histological response of bone tissue to implants subjected to lateral mechanical stress.
Main Methods:
- Twenty titanium implants were surgically placed in the foreheads of five sheep.
- A 3-month healing period was followed by abutment placement and a 3-week secondary healing phase.
- Implants were subjected to horizontal forces (250-350g) for 3 months using orthodontic elastics.
- Histological analysis of bone-implant interfaces was performed post-sacrifice.
Main Results:
- Histological examination showed no signs of peri-implant infection.
- No evidence of bone loss or adverse tissue reaction was observed around the implants.
- Implants demonstrated stability and integration despite sustained horizontal loading.
Conclusions:
- Titanium implants exhibit significant resistance to constant horizontal forces.
- The findings support the use of titanium implants in clinical situations involving lateral mechanical stress.
- This study provides valuable preclinical data on the biomechanical stability of dental implants.