[Lateral cervical branchial cysts: a retrospective study]

The cause of lateral cervical branchial cysts is debated. Some authors claim that they are congenital, whereas others believe that they are acquired, being their likely origin cystic degeneration of the cervical lymph nodes. Their protocol of study and differential diagnosis with respect to malignant neck masses are of special interest. A retrospective clinical study was made of 13 cervical branchial cysts seen by one of the authors over a decade-long period. Based on the results, their probable origin is discussed and a study protocol is proposed. Although it has been discussed by some authors, we conclude that the origin of branchial cysts cannot be determined through this type of clinical study. Computed tomography and fine-needle aspiration currently are essential diagnostic methods in the study protocol of these lesions.