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[From atopic dermatitis to asthma]

L Businco1, M Marziali, G Furcolo

  • 1Cattedra di Clinica Pediatrica VI, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza.

Minerva Pediatrica
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Atopic dermatitis (AD) increases asthma risk. Early intervention with Cetirizine and identifying environmental factors like allergen exposure and breastfeeding duration are key to managing childhood atopic diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin condition in children, often linked to an "atopic constitution."
  • AD is multifactorial, influenced by genetics and environmental factors, frequently co-occurring with IgE sensitization to various allergens.
  • A strong association exists between AD and asthma, with similar sex distributions and familial patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of early therapeutic intervention with Cetirizine in preventing the progression from AD to asthma in young children.
  • To identify significant risk factors contributing to the onset of asthma in children with AD.

Main Methods:

  • The Early Treatment of the Atopic Child (ETAC) project was a large, multicenter, multinational, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.
  • Participants were young children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis.
  • Intervention involved early treatment with Cetirizine versus placebo, with assessment of asthma development and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Exposure to potent allergens like cat dander or mites significantly elevated the risk of sensitization.
  • Prolonged breastfeeding was correlated with a reduced rate of sensitization to cow's milk proteins and egg.
  • Environmental factors play a critical role in IgE sensitization among children with AD.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental factors significantly influence IgE sensitization in children with atopic dermatitis.
  • Identifying and potentially modifying these environmental factors may be crucial in managing atopic diseases.
  • Further research into early intervention strategies is warranted to prevent the progression of atopic conditions.

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