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Thyroid function in acute pancreatitis

C De Sola1, M Redondo, F Pallarés

  • 1Department of Digestive Medicine, Costa del Sol Hospital, Marbella, Málaga, Spain.

Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
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Acute pancreatitis alters thyroid function, causing low triiodothyronine (T3) and high reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) levels. These thyroid changes may indicate prognosis in pancreatitis patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Thyroid function can be affected by critical illnesses.
  • Acute pancreatitis is a severe condition with potential systemic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate thyroid function alterations in patients with acute pancreatitis.
  • To differentiate pancreatitis-related thyroid changes from those due to hemodynamic instability.

Main Methods:

  • Serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), thyroxine (T4), and thyrotropin (TSH) were measured.
  • Patients with acute pancreatitis (n=20) were compared to healthy controls (n=20) and patients with upper digestive hemorrhage (n=20).
  • Liver, renal, and pancreatic function tests were also performed.

Main Results:

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  • Patients with pancreatitis showed decreased T3 levels in 20% and increased rT3 levels in 75%.
  • Thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) levels remained largely within normal ranges.
  • No significant thyroid function changes were observed in patients with upper digestive hemorrhage.

Conclusions:

  • Pancreatitis appears to be a direct factor in thyroid hormone level changes.
  • These thyroid function alterations are not attributed to diet or liver dysfunction.
  • Changes in thyroid function may correlate with the prognosis of acute pancreatitis.