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Long-term model of induced canine phonation
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Summary
This study introduces a novel long-term canine model for induced phonation using implanted laryngeal nerve electrodes. This repeatable model is crucial for advancing laryngeal research and voice production studies.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Otolaryngology
- Animal Models
Background:
- Short-term experimental phonation in dogs aids laryngeal research.
- A need exists for long-term models to study voice outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and describe a long-term canine phonation model using chronically implanted electrodes.
- To enable serial, repeatable induced phonation for laryngeal research.
Main Methods:
- Designed and fabricated inexpensive, reliable, nontoxic electrodes for superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves.
- Modified electrode designs to improve durability and laryngeal nerve viability.
- Chronically implanted electrodes and stimulated recurrent laryngeal nerves in dogs with airflow through the larynx.
Main Results:
- Achieved 100% recurrent laryngeal nerve viability at 6 weeks, decreasing to 73% at 12 weeks with the final electrode design.
- Successfully produced repeated induced phonation in 95.6% of animals (22/23) by stimulating recurrent laryngeal nerves.
- Superior laryngeal nerve stimulation increased vocal fold tension but was not essential for phonation.
Conclusions:
- The developed long-term canine phonation model with chronic laryngeal nerve electrodes is a novel and effective tool for laryngeal research.
- The study details technical aspects of chronic implantation and stimulation, overcoming challenges with nerve injury.
- This model facilitates repeatable induced phonation, essential for studies prioritizing voice results.