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Protein-bound acrolein: potential markers for oxidative stress
K Uchida1, M Kanematsu, K Sakai
1Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. uchidak@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Summary
Acrolein, a common pollutant, is also generated in the body from lipid peroxidation. This study identifies protein-bound acrolein as a potential marker for oxidative stress and long-term damage in aging and diseases like atherosclerosis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Environmental Health
- Pathology
Background:
- Acrolein is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant.
- It is also identified as a lipid peroxidation product generated within biological systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate acrolein's role in biological systems.
- To develop markers for oxidatively modified proteins and related diseases.
Main Methods:
- Incubation of acrolein with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) to form protein-linked carbonyl derivatives.
- Development of a monoclonal antibody (mAb5F6) against acrolein-modified keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of human atherosclerotic lesions using mAb5F6.
- In vitro studies on the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein and arachidonate.
Main Results:
- Acrolein is incorporated into proteins, forming a marker of oxidative stress.
- mAb5F6 recognizes the acrolein-lysine adduct (Nepsilon-(3-formyl-3, 4-dehydropiperidino)lysine).
- Immunohistochemistry revealed protein-bound acrolein in atherosclerotic lesions, particularly in macrophage-derived foam cells and arterial walls.
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids are identified as sources of acrolein, leading to protein adducts.
Conclusions:
- Protein-bound acrolein is generated in vivo and is associated with oxidative stress.
- This adduct is present in atherosclerotic lesions.
- Protein-bound acrolein serves as a potential biomarker for oxidative stress and long-term protein damage in aging, atherosclerosis, and diabetes.