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MR angiography of the thoracic, abdominal, and extremity venous system
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America
|June 10, 1998
Abstract:
MR angiography is a useful clinical tool for noninvasive evaluation of the abdominal, thoracic, and peripheral venous system. A variety of MR techniques are available, although two-dimensional time-of-flight is used most commonly. MR imaging of the venous system is less hindered by technical limitations and artifacts commonly encountered with imaging of the arterial system. This article reviews the most commonly used techniques and their clinical application.