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Chromium picolinate toxicity

J Cerulli1, D W Grabe, I Gauthier

  • 1Nutrition Support, Division of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy, NY 12208, USA.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|April 30, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Excessive intake of over-the-counter chromium picolinate supplements can lead to severe toxicity, including liver and kidney damage. Always consult a healthcare provider before using supplements for weight loss.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Nutritional Biochemistry

Background:

  • Trivalent chromium is an essential trace element. Chromium picolinate supplements are widely used for weight loss, lean body mass increase, and glycemic control.
  • Information on chromium picolinate toxicity is limited, with most cases involving acute overdose.

Observation:

  • A 33-year-old woman presented with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, liver dysfunction, and renal failure after ingesting 1200-2400 mcg/day of chromium picolinate for 4-5 months.
  • Clinical and laboratory findings ruled out thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome.
  • Chromium plasma concentrations were 2-3 times normal.

Findings:

  • The patient's toxicity symptoms, including hemolysis and liver dysfunction, resolved with supportive care and hemodialysis.
  • Renal function gradually improved, with serum creatinine normalizing within a year.

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  • This case highlights the potential for serious renal impairment from excessive chromium supplement intake.

    • Implications:

    • Healthcare providers should inquire about over-the-counter nutritional supplement use, as these are often perceived as harmless.
    • Excessive chromium picolinate ingestion can cause significant organ damage, necessitating careful patient education and monitoring.
    • Further research is needed to establish safe dosage limits and understand the long-term effects of high-dose chromium picolinate supplementation.