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Circulating adhesion molecules in cystic fibrosis

V De Rose1, A Oliva, B Messore

  • 1Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|May 1, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) are elevated in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, reflecting persistent airway inflammation. These levels decrease with antibiotic treatment during exacerbations.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by significant airway inflammation and immune cell infiltration, contributing to lung injury.
  • Leukocyte-endothelial adhesion molecules are critical for inflammatory cell recruitment, and their soluble forms (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, sE-selectin) are elevated in inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM-1, sE-selectin, sVCAM-1) in cystic fibrosis patients compared to healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between these soluble adhesion molecules and clinical parameters in CF.
  • To assess the impact of pulmonary exacerbations and antibiotic treatment on soluble adhesion molecule levels.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were analyzed using capture ELISA to measure sICAM-1, sE-selectin, and sVCAM-1 levels.

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  • CF patients (n=29) and healthy controls (n=12) underwent comprehensive clinical, spirometric, microbiological, and hematological assessments.
  • In a subset of CF patients (n=7), soluble adhesion molecule levels were monitored during stable conditions, exacerbations, and post-antibiotic treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • CF patients exhibited significantly higher serum concentrations of sICAM-1 and sE-selectin compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.001).
    • sICAM-1 levels showed an inverse correlation with FEV1 (r = -0.519, p = 0.004) and Schwachman score (r = -0.405, p = 0.03) in CF patients.
    • During pulmonary exacerbations, sICAM-1 and sE-selectin levels increased, subsequently decreasing significantly after antibiotic treatment (p < 0.02).

    Conclusions:

    • Elevated serum sICAM-1 and sE-selectin in CF patients, even during stable periods, indicate a persistent underlying inflammatory process.
    • These soluble adhesion molecules serve as potential biomarkers for inflammation severity and response to treatment in cystic fibrosis.
    • The findings highlight the dynamic role of adhesion molecules in CF exacerbations and their modulation by antibiotic therapy.