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Rapid decrease of endemic gonorrhea in Finland

E Hiltunen-Back¹, T Rostila, H Kautiainen

¹Department of Dermatology, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Finland.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

|June 6, 1998

Summary

Endemic gonorrhea in Finland rapidly declined between 1990-1995, while imported cases remained stable. The study found no clear demographic or partner profile explanation for this significant decrease in gonorrhea rates.

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Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Public Health
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Gonorrhea incidence varied across Europe, with an epidemic in Russia and Baltic countries.
Finland exhibited a higher gonorrhea incidence than other Nordic countries in 1990.

Purpose of the Study:

To prospectively investigate the epidemiology of gonorrhea in Finland.
To differentiate between endemic and imported sources of gonorrhea infection.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of gonorrhea patients from Helsinki STD clinics (1990-1995).
Inclusion of Chlamydia trachomatis case controls for comparison.
Analysis of demographic data and epidemiological findings, including source partner profiles.

Main Results:

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A significant rapid decrease in gonorrhea prevalence was observed from 3.3% in 1990-1991 to 0.9% in 1994-1995 (p < 0.0001).
This decline was attributed to a reduction in endemic infections, as imported gonorrhea rates remained constant.
Concomitant Chlamydia trachomatis infections were more frequent in endemic gonorrhea cases (31%) than imported (14%).

Conclusions:

Endemic gonorrhea in Finland experienced a rapid decline, contrasting with stable imported case rates.
Demographic factors and source partner profiles did not fully explain the sharp decrease in endemic gonorrhea.
The decline pattern of gonorrhea differed significantly from that of Chlamydia trachomatis infections.