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Gustatory and food habit changes during the menstrual cycle
A Alberti-Fidanza1, D Fruttini, M Servili
1Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Perugia, Italy.
Summary
Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle alter taste sensitivity and food preferences in women. Increased estradiol enhances sweet taste perception, while progesterone boosts bitter taste sensitivity, impacting dietary choices.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Human Physiology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- The menstrual cycle involves significant hormonal shifts, including fluctuations in estradiol and progesterone.
- These hormonal changes may influence sensory perception and dietary habits in women.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between menstrual cycle hormones and gustatory perception.
- To examine how food habits and consumption patterns change throughout the menstrual cycle.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated blood estradiol and progesterone levels via radioimmunoassay on specific cycle days.
- Assessed taste detection and recognition thresholds for sucrose, sodium chloride, citric acid, and quinine sulfate.
- Monitored daily food consumption using weighed records throughout three menstrual cycles.
Main Results:
- Estradiol levels correlated positively with sweet taste sensitivity.
- Progesterone levels correlated positively with bitter taste sensitivity.
- Food habits shifted, with notable changes in meat and fruit consumption; energy intake tended to decrease with higher estradiol levels.
Conclusions:
- Menstrual cycle hormones differentially affect taste perception, influencing dietary intake.
- Estradiol and progesterone play distinct roles in modulating sweet and bitter taste sensitivities, respectively.
- Observed changes in food habits suggest hormonal influences on appetite regulation and food selection.