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Physiological insulinemia acutely modulates plasma leptin

M F Saad1, A Khan, A Sharma

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Medical School, Los Angeles 90024, USA. msaad@med1.medsch.ucla.edu

Diabetes
|May 6, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Insulin acutely increases plasma leptin levels in a dose-dependent manner. This effect is diminished in obese, insulin-resistant individuals, suggesting a role in obesity development.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • The acute regulation of plasma leptin by insulin in humans remains a subject of debate.
  • Leptin, a key hormone in energy balance, is influenced by various metabolic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose-response and time-course of insulin's acute effect on plasma leptin levels in men.
  • To explore potential differences in insulin's effect on leptin in obese, insulin-resistant individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Euglycemic clamp technique was used to infuse insulin at varying doses (20-400 mU x m[-2] x min[-1) or saline in healthy men.
  • Plasma leptin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were measured over 9-hour periods.
  • A separate experiment assessed the effect of a low-dose insulin infusion (10 mU x m[-2] x min[-1) on leptin.

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Main Results:

  • Plasma leptin increased in a dose-dependent manner during insulin infusions, with effects observed within 30-60 minutes.
  • The insulin-induced leptin increase was less pronounced in obese, insulin-resistant men.
  • Physiological insulin levels (10 mU x m[-2] x min[-1) maintained stable leptin levels, while saline infusion caused a decrease.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological insulinemia acutely and positively regulates plasma leptin concentrations.
  • Insulin may mediate the impact of caloric intake on leptin levels.
  • Impaired insulin-induced leptin production could contribute to obesity and insulin resistance.