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Related Experiment Videos

Eosinophils bind rhinovirus and activate virus-specific T cells

Z T Handzel1, W W Busse, J B Sedgwick

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|May 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Rhinoviruses bind to eosinophils (EOS), which present viral antigens to T cells, potentially worsening asthma exacerbations. This interaction highlights a novel immune pathway in virus-induced asthma flares.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Virology

Background:

  • Virus-induced asthma exacerbations involve eosinophils (EOS) and rhinoviruses (RV).
  • The specific interactions between EOS and RVs, particularly rhinovirus type 16 (RV16), are not well understood.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for managing asthma flares.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the binding of RV16 to human EOS.
  • To determine if EOS can present RV16 antigens and activate T cells.
  • To examine the effect of RV16 on EOS cell surface marker expression and function.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of purified human peripheral blood EOS with RV16.
  • Measurement of RV16 binding to EOS, including the role of ICAM-1.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of EOS-mediated antigen presentation to RV16-specific T cells.
  • Analysis of EOS cell surface marker expression (CD18, CD54, CD69, HLA-DR) and superoxide production.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant RV16 binding to EOS occurred, particularly when EOS were pretreated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and was inhibited by anti-ICAM-1.
    • EOS presented RV16 antigens to T cells, inducing T cell proliferation and interferon-gamma secretion.
    • RV16 induced a shift in CD18 expression on EOS but did not affect CD54, CD69, or HLA-DR expression.
    • RV16 did not induce superoxide production from peripheral blood EOS.

    Conclusions:

    • RV16 binds to EOS, suggesting airway EOS may interact with RVs similarly to GM-CSF-treated blood EOS due to ICAM-1 expression.
    • EOS can participate in RV-induced immune responses by presenting viral antigens and activating T cells.
    • EOS-mediated activation of RV-specific T cells may contribute to antiviral responses, airway inflammation, and asthma exacerbations.