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Related Experiment Videos

Identification, characterization, and genetic mapping of Rad51d, a new mouse and human RAD51/RecA-related gene

D L Pittman1, L R Weinberg, J C Schimenti

  • 1Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA.

Genomics
|May 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a new gene, Rad51d, crucial for DNA repair and recombination in mammals. This Rad51 homolog is expressed across mouse tissues and has human counterparts, suggesting a role in DNA repair complexes.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Homologous DNA recombination is vital for DNA repair and occurs across all organisms.
  • RAD51 is a critical gene for DNA repair and meiotic recombination in yeast, with identified homologs in various species.
  • Mammalian RAD51 homologs play essential roles in genetic stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize new RAD51-related genes in mammals.
  • To investigate the expression patterns and chromosomal localization of the newly identified gene, Rad51d.
  • To explore the potential function of Rad51d in DNA repair and recombination pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) database searching using yeast RAD55 and human RAD51B/REC2 genes.
  • Isolation and sequencing of mouse and human cDNA clones.

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  • Analysis of mRNA expression patterns across mouse tissues using Northern blotting or RT-PCR.
  • Chromosomal mapping of Rad51d in mice using interspecific backcross panels and in humans using radiation hybrid mapping.

    • Main Results:

    • A novel RAD51-related gene, Rad51d, was identified in mammals.
    • A 1.5-kb mouse cDNA encoded a 329-amino-acid protein, with Rad51d mRNA detected in all examined mouse tissues, including a testis-specific transcript.
    • Human cDNA clones showed 71% amino acid identity to mouse Rad51d, with evidence of alternative splicing producing truncated proteins lacking the ATP-binding motif.
    • Rad51d was mapped to mouse Chromosome 11 (48.5 cM) and its human ortholog RAD51D to chromosome 17q11, a syntenic region.

    Conclusions:

    • Rad51d is a newly discovered RAD51 family member in mammals.
    • Its expression profile and sequence similarity suggest a role in DNA repair and meiotic recombination.
    • Alternative splicing in human RAD51D may generate functional variants.
    • Rad51d is likely a component of a protein complex essential for maintaining genomic integrity.