Non-apical root canal ramifications in the teeth of dogs

The roots of 130 extracted teeth were examined for non-apical ramifications from the main canal. Following decalcification and dehydration, the root canals were identified with an Indian ink gel. Secondary canals were found in 4 of the 130 teeth (2.4%), and stumps that may represent incomplete lateral canals were identified in two teeth. We conclude that non-apical root canal ramifications are much less common in dogs compared to humans.