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[Fundamental studies on antibacterial activity of clindamycin against Propionibacterium acnes]
Y Komagata1, K Komiyama, S Nomura
1Bio-Iatoric Center, Kitasato Institute, Tokyo.
Abstract:
Antibacterial activity of clindamycin against Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was evaluated in comparison with nadifloxacin in vitro. Using a burned-infected mouse model, topical application of 1% gel form of clindamycin phosphate on P. acnes was also evaluated in in vivo. (1) The MIC of clindamycin measured by agar dilution method was 0.02 microgram/ml, and this value was smaller than that of nadifloxacin (0.3 microgram/ml). (2) At concentrations on 1-, 2- and 4- times the MIC clindamycin demonstrated bacteriostatic activity on P. acnes and showed bactericidal activity at 5-times the MIC. Nadifloxacin showed bacteriostatic activity at one half the MIC and bactericidal activity at the MIC. (3) Against acquired resistant strains of P. acnes, the highest concentrations of clindamycin and nadifloxacin that did not inhibit growth of the organism increased 5-fold higher than those against sensitive strain during 25 successive cultures in vitro. Therefore, the resistance of P. acnes was found to be emerged at almost the same ratio against both agents. (4) The chemotherapeutic effects of 1% gel form of clindamycin phosphate and 1% cream of nadifloxacin were evaluated for given subcutaneously to infected P. acnes at the burned site in mice. The topical application of either agents showed a significant reduction of number of bacteria and this result predicted clinical efficacy of topical application of clindamycin.
Insights
Clindamycin exhibits potent in vitro antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), demonstrating both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. Topical clindamycin gel showed significant efficacy in a mouse model, predicting clinical usefulness.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Dermatology
Context:
- Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a key pathogen in acne vulgaris.
- Antibiotic resistance in P. acnes is a growing clinical concern.
- Evaluating novel and existing treatments for P. acnes infections is crucial.
Purpose:
- To compare the in vitro antibacterial activity of clindamycin and nadifloxacin against P. acnes.
- To assess the in vivo efficacy of topical clindamycin phosphate gel in a burned-infected mouse model.
- To investigate the development of resistance in P. acnes to both agents.
Summary:
- Clindamycin demonstrated a lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.02 µg/mL compared to nadifloxacin (0.3 µg/mL) against P. acnes.
- Clindamycin exhibited bacteriostatic activity at 1-4x MIC and bactericidal activity at 5x MIC. Nadifloxacin showed bacteriostatic activity at 0.5x MIC and bactericidal activity at 1x MIC.
- P. acnes developed a 5-fold increase in resistance to both clindamycin and nadifloxacin after 25 successive in vitro cultures.
- Topical application of 1% clindamycin phosphate gel and 1% nadifloxacin cream significantly reduced bacterial load in a mouse model of P. acnes burn infection.
Impact:
- Clindamycin shows promising therapeutic potential for topical treatment of P. acnes infections.
- The study highlights the comparable resistance development rates for clindamycin and nadifloxacin.
- Findings support the clinical efficacy of topical clindamycin for acne treatment.