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Related Experiment Videos

Stanniocalcin in the seawater salmon: structure, function, and regulation

G F Wagner1, E M Jaworski, M Haddad

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry and Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

The American Journal of Physiology
|May 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study identified two forms of stanniocalcin (STC), a hormone crucial for calcium and phosphate balance in salmon. Both forms are produced by corpuscles of Stannius and respond to calcium levels, suggesting a complex regulatory role.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Fish Biology

Background:

  • Stanniocalcin (STC) is a glycoprotein hormone regulating calcium and phosphate homeostasis in fish.
  • In freshwater salmon, STC reduces calcium absorption and phosphate excretion to maintain normocalcemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate stanniocalcin (STC) in marine Atlantic salmon.
  • To examine STC gene and protein distribution, calcium responsiveness, and physical properties in Atlantic salmon corpuscles of Stannius (CS).

Main Methods:

  • Studied STC protein and mRNA distribution in Atlantic salmon CS cells.
  • Assessed CS cell responsiveness to extracellular calcium levels.
  • Fractionated Atlantic salmon STC using concanavalin A (ConA)-Sepharose chromatography.

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Main Results:

  • All Atlantic salmon CS cells expressed the STC gene.
  • CS cells showed calcium sensitivity similar to freshwater salmon, stimulating STC secretion and gene expression.
  • Two distinct STC forms (STC1 and STC2) were identified with different properties and biological activity; STC1 bound ConA, while STC2 did not.

Conclusions:

  • Atlantic salmon possess a second form of stanniocalcin (STC).
  • STC1 and STC2 exhibit distinct biochemical properties and differential effects on gill calcium transport.
  • These findings suggest a more complex role for STC in salmon physiology than previously understood.