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[Cachexia during dialysis]

M Salomone1, G B Piccoli, P Gabella

  • 1Cattedra di Nefrologia, Università degli Studi, Torino.

Minerva Urologica E Nefrologica = the Italian Journal of Urology and Nephrology
|May 14, 1998
PubMed
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Cachexia in dialysis patients is a complex issue. This study found that while cachexia is a significant factor in dialysis deaths, patient survival has improved, especially in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Geriatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cachexia, often termed 'senile marasmus,' presents a complex challenge in dialysis patients.
  • Discordant opinions exist regarding whether cachexia causes or results from dialysis treatment failure.
  • Understanding cachexia's role is crucial for improving outcomes in patients undergoing dialysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate epidemiological data on cachexia among dialysis patients in Piedmont, Italy.
  • To determine the prevalence of cachexia-related deaths in the dialysis population.
  • To assess trends in patient survival in relation to age and comorbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of epidemiological data from the Dialysis and Transplantation Registry of Piedmont (1981-1995).

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  • Inclusion of 764 patients who died from cachexia during the study period.
  • Statistical analysis of survival rates, considering age and comorbid factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Cachexia accounted for 20.9% of all deaths among dialysis patients.
    • The prevalence of cachexia-related deaths was higher in older age groups (27.4% over 65, 34.7% over 75).
    • Despite increased age and comorbidities, a statistically significant improvement in patient survival was observed, particularly in those aged 65 and older.

    Conclusions:

    • Cachexia remains a significant contributor to mortality in dialysis patients.
    • Improvements in dialysis treatment and patient management have led to enhanced survival rates, even in elderly and comorbid populations.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the causal relationship between cachexia and dialysis failure.