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Snake bites recorded by veterinary practices in Australia
P J Mirtschin1, P Masci, D C Paton
1Venom Supplies Pty Ltd, Tanunda, South Australia.
Australian Veterinary Journal
|May 14, 1998
Summary
Snake bites are common in Australian domestic animals, particularly in rural areas. Antivenom treatment significantly increases survival rates for cats and dogs, highlighting its critical role in managing venomous snakebites.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Toxicology
- Herpetology
- Animal Health
Background:
- Snake envenomation poses a significant threat to domestic animals in Australia.
- Understanding the epidemiology and treatment outcomes is crucial for improving animal care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence and geographical distribution of snake bites in domestic animals across Australia.
- To evaluate the efficacy of antivenom treatment in improving survival rates for affected animals.
Main Methods:
- A nationwide survey was conducted among Australian veterinary surgeons.
- Data collected included animal species, snake type, treatment administered, and outcomes.
- Questionnaires were randomly distributed to 10% of veterinary practices.
Main Results:
- An estimated 6200 cases of snake bite in domestic animals occur annually in Australia.
- Brown, tiger, and black snakes were the most common culprits, with bites predominantly in rural areas.
- Antivenom administration resulted in significantly higher survival rates: 91% for cats and 75% for dogs, compared to 66% and 31% respectively without antivenom.
Conclusions:
- Antivenom therapy is a critical intervention that substantially enhances the survival probability of domestic animals following snake envenomation.
- The study underscores the importance of prompt and appropriate antivenom use in veterinary practice for snake bite cases.
