Related Experiment Videos
Cardiac sequelae of Kawasaki disease among recurrent cases
Y Nakamura1, H Yanagawa, T Ojima
1Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan.
Insights
Recurrent Kawasaki disease cases show significantly higher rates of cardiac sequelae, including coronary aneurysms, compared to initial onset cases. This highlights increased cardiovascular risk in patients with repeat Kawasaki disease episodes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Rheumatology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Kawasaki disease is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.
- Cardiac sequelae, such as coronary artery aneurysms, can have long-term implications.
- The impact of recurrent Kawasaki disease on cardiac outcomes remains an important clinical question.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the frequency of cardiac sequelae in recurrent Kawasaki disease cases versus initial onset cases.
- To compare the prevalence of specific cardiac complications between these two patient groups.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study utilizing nationwide Kawasaki disease survey data from Japan.
- Analysis of 33,976 patients, categorized into initial onset (32,923) and recurrent (1,053) groups.
- Comparison of proportions of cardiac sequelae, including coronary aneurysms/dilatation, stenosis, myocardial infarction, and valvular lesions.
Main Results:
- Cardiac sequelae were significantly more prevalent in recurrent cases.
- In men, 25.5% of recurrent cases had sequelae vs. 14.9% of initial onset cases.
- Giant coronary aneurysms were twice as likely in recurrent male cases and 1.5 times more likely in recurrent female cases.
Conclusions:
- Recurrent Kawasaki disease is associated with a higher likelihood of developing cardiac sequelae.
- Patients experiencing recurrent episodes of Kawasaki disease face an elevated risk of significant cardiovascular complications.
Objective:
This study was undertaken to clarify whether cardiac sequelae due to Kawasaki disease are more frequent among recurrent cases than initial onset cases.
Study Design:
A cross sectional study using data from nationwide surveys of Kawasaki disease in Japan was conducted. A total of 33,976 patients reported were divided into two groups: initial onset cases (32,923 patients) and recurrent cases (1053 patients). Proportions of cardiac sequelae such as coronary aneurysms/dilatation, coronary stenosis/narrowing, myocardial infarction, and valvular lesions were compared between the two groups.
Results:
The proportions of patients with the sequelae were significantly more common among recurrent cases. In men 25.5% of the recurrent cases had the sequelae in comparison with 14.9% for initial onset cases, and in women 16.1% of recurrent cases had the sequelae compared with 9.8% of initial onset cases. Giant coronary aneurysms were twice as likely in men in whom the disease was recurring than in initial onset cases, and 1.5 times more likely in women in whom the disease was recurring than in initial onset cases.
Conclusion:
Cardiac sequelae of Kawasaki disease are more likely to appear on recurrent case patients.