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Plasma catecholamine concentrations in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism

P Coulombe, J H Dussault, P Walker

    Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thyroid dysfunction impacts plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels. While hyperthyroidism shows normal NE, hypothyroidism significantly elevates NE, potentially as a compensatory mechanism for reduced thyroid hormones.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neurochemistry
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Plasma catecholamine levels, specifically epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE), are crucial indicators in various physiological states.
    • Thyroid hormones significantly influence metabolic and cardiovascular functions, but their direct impact on catecholamine concentrations requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism) and plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
    • To determine if age influences plasma NE levels in euthyroid, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a modified fluorometric method (Anton and Sayre) for precise measurement of plasma E and NE.
    • Analyzed plasma catecholamine levels in normal subjects, hyperthyroid patients, and hypothyroid patients.

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  • Performed statistical analysis to assess correlations between catecholamines, thyroid hormones (T4, FT4, T3), and age.

    • Main Results:

    • Plasma epinephrine (E) levels did not significantly differ across normal, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid subjects.
    • A significant positive correlation between age and plasma NE was observed in euthyroid individuals (r = 0.685, p < 0.001).
    • Plasma NE concentrations were comparable in control and hyperthyroid groups but were significantly elevated in hypothyroid patients (35.46 +/- 3.9 ng/100 ml; p < 0.01), even after adjusting for age.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperthyroidism is associated with normal plasma norepinephrine concentrations.
    • Hypothyroidism leads to significantly increased plasma norepinephrine levels, suggesting a potential compensatory response to diminished thyroid hormone action.
    • No correlation was found between plasma NE and serum thyroid hormone levels (T4, FT4, T3) in any study group.