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A fetal alcohol behavior scale

A P Streissguth¹, F L Bookstein, H M Barr

¹Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research

|May 15, 1998

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A new Fetal Alcohol Behavior Scale (FABS) effectively captures the behavioral characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). This reliable scale is independent of age, sex, race, and IQ, aiding in diagnosis and predicting outcomes.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) encompass Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE).
Existing diagnostic tools may not fully capture the behavioral spectrum across diverse populations.
A validated behavioral scale is needed for consistent assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate the Fetal Alcohol Behavior Scale (FABS).
To describe the core behaviors associated with FASD, irrespective of demographic factors.
To assess the scale's reliability and predictive utility.

Main Methods:

Development of the FABS using a reference sample of 472 diagnosed FAS/FAE patients (ages 2-51).
Statistical analysis including item-to-scale reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability.

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Validation through detection studies and correlation analysis with IQ, age, sex, race, and diagnosis.

Main Results:

The FABS demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91) and good test-retest reliability (r = 0.69).
The scale successfully identified individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure in diverse samples.
FABS scores predicted dependent living outcomes in adult FAS/FAE patients.
Scores were uncorrelated with IQ, sex, age, race, and diagnostic subtype (FAS vs. FAE).

Conclusions:

The FABS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing behaviors associated with FASD.
The scale's independence from demographic factors enhances its utility across diverse populations.
Further research is warranted to define the scale's specificity and clinical utility.