Evaluation of buccoadhesive metronidazole tablets: microbiological response

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Dental Medicine
• Materials Science

Background:

• Metronidazole is effective against anaerobic bacteria implicated in oro-dental infections like gingivitis and periodontal disease.
• Developing effective drug delivery systems is crucial for localized treatment of these infections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To formulate and evaluate buccoadhesive tablets of metronidazole for oro-dental infections.
• To assess the in vitro and in situ drug release and antimicrobial efficacy of the developed formulation.

Main Methods:

• Metronidazole buccoadhesive tablets were prepared using Carbopol-934P, a cellulose ether derivative, mannitol, and flavoring/sweetening agents.
• In vitro and in situ release studies were conducted using a flow-through cell and bovine cheek pouch membrane.
• Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed against anaerobic strains common in oro-dental infections.

Main Results:

• The prepared tablets exhibited satisfactory in vitro drug release.
• In situ studies confirmed drug concentrations remained above the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) throughout the release period.
• The formulation showed efficacy against anaerobic bacteria relevant to oro-dental infections.

Conclusions:

• Buccoadhesive metronidazole tablets offer a promising localized drug delivery system for anaerobic oro-dental infections.
• The developed formulation ensures sustained drug release and effective antimicrobial activity.
• A novel method for testing anaerobic susceptibility was established for bioadhesive formulations.