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Relational and overt forms of peer victimization: a multiinformant approach
1Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|May 16, 1998
Summary
This study reveals that girls experience more relational victimization, while boys face more overt aggression. Both forms of peer victimization significantly impact social adjustment, highlighting the need for gender-inclusive research.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Past research on peer victimization has predominantly focused on boys and overt aggression.
- This overlooks relational victimization, which is more prevalent in girls' peer groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address limitations in prior research by examining both overt and relational forms of peer victimization.
- To investigate gender differences in victimization experiences.
- To assess the impact of victimization on sociopsychological adjustment.
Main Methods:
- Utilized peer- and self-report instruments to assess overt and relational victimization.
- Included both male and female participants.
Main Results:
- Girls reported higher rates of relational victimization.
- Boys reported higher rates of overt victimization.
- Both victimization types predicted significant sociopsychological adjustment problems, including peer rejection and loneliness, independent of aggression levels.
Conclusions:
- Peer victimization, encompassing both overt and relational forms, has detrimental effects on adolescent adjustment.
- Gender-specific approaches are necessary to fully understand and address peer victimization.
- Combined self- and peer-reports identify particularly maladjusted victims.