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Cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression: relapse prevention

E T Gortner1, J K Gollan, K S Dobson

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98105-4631, USA.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|May 16, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Complete cognitive-behavioral therapy (CT) for depression showed no advantage over its core components in preventing relapse over two years. Behavioral activation therapies offer comparable long-term depression symptom management.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide.
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CT) is a common treatment for depression.
  • Understanding the efficacy of CT components is crucial for optimizing treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the long-term effectiveness of complete cognitive-behavioral therapy (CT) for depression against its two primary components.
  • To evaluate relapse rates, duration of remission, and survival times over a 2-year follow-up period.

Main Methods:

  • 137 participants with depression were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: complete CT, behavioral activation, or behavioral activation with automatic thought modification.
  • Participants received up to 20 sessions with experienced cognitive-behavioral therapists.

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  • Long-term outcomes were assessed at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Complete CT was not found to be more effective than its individual components in preventing depression relapse.
    • No significant differences in relapse rates, asymptomatic weeks, or survival times were observed between the three treatment groups over the 2-year follow-up.
    • All tested interventions demonstrated comparable long-term efficacy in managing depression symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that the core components of CT may be sufficient for achieving long-term depression symptom remission.
    • Clinical implications include the potential for more streamlined and resource-efficient depression treatment protocols.
    • Theoretical implications challenge the necessity of integrating all components of CT for optimal long-term outcomes in depression.