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[Observation of micrognathic development in mouse fetus induced by sulfadimethoxine]
1Department of Maxillo-Facial Orthognatics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the process of micrognathic development in mouse fetus induced by Sulfadimethoxine (SDM). SDM of 3,000 mg/kg was administered orally to pregnant ICR mice on days 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of gestation. The fetuses were removed on day 15 to analyze the incidence of micrognathia. The incidence of micrognathia was the highest in the treated group on day 10. The fetuses, SDM-treated on day 10, were sacrificed on days 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 18 and prepared for histological and morphological analyses. Histomorphological analyses were performed by lateral and horizontal graphic reconstruction using serial frontal sections. It was also performed by clearing and alcian blue-alizarin red double staining. In the treated group, bilateral sigmoid buckling and shortening of Meckel's cartilage became evident after day 14, however, the nasal septal and capsule cartilage were less affected. It was concluded that remarkable hypoplastic and malformed Meckel's cartilage, caused by the administration of SDM, induced mandibular dysmorphogenesis.
Insights
Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) exposure in pregnant mice causes micrognathia in fetuses. SDM disrupts Meckel
Area of Science:
- Developmental biology
- Teratology
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) is a sulfonamide antibiotic.
- Mandibular hypoplasia and micrognathia are congenital conditions affecting jaw development.
- Understanding drug-induced developmental abnormalities is crucial for prenatal safety.
Purpose:
- To investigate the teratogenic effects of Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) on fetal mandibular development.
- To determine the critical period of SDM exposure for inducing micrognathia in mouse fetuses.
- To elucidate the specific cartilaginous changes responsible for SDM-induced mandibular dysmorphogenesis.
Summary:
- Pregnant ICR mice were administered 3,000 mg/kg SDM orally from gestation day 8 to 13.
- Micrognathia incidence was highest with SDM exposure on gestation day 10.
- Histomorphological analysis revealed bilateral sigmoid buckling and shortening of Meckel's cartilage, leading to mandibular dysmorphogenesis, while nasal septal and capsular cartilage were less affected.
Impact:
- This study identifies SDM as a potent teratogen causing micrognathia via disruption of Meckel's cartilage development.
- The findings highlight the sensitivity of mandibular development to SDM exposure during specific gestational periods.
- Provides insights into the mechanisms of drug-induced craniofacial malformations, informing risk assessment for sulfonamide use during pregnancy.