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Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Functions in Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia
1Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Çukurova University, Balcali, Adana, Türkiye
Insights
Sickle cell anemia patients exhibit impaired left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions, with increased left ventricular mass compared to healthy individuals. These findings highlight cardiac complications in sickle cell anemia.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder with known systemic complications.
- Cardiac involvement is a significant concern in sickle cell anemia patients, impacting morbidity and mortality.
- Understanding left ventricular function is crucial for managing cardiovascular risks in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in patients with sickle cell anemia.
- To compare cardiac parameters between sickle cell anemia patients and healthy controls.
- To assess left ventricular mass in sickle cell anemia patients.
Main Methods:
- M-mode, 2D, and Doppler echocardiography were performed on 54 sickle cell anemia patients and 23 healthy controls.
- Standard echocardiographic criteria were used for measurements.
- Clinical and biochemical evaluations were conducted by a hematologist.
Main Results:
- Sickle cell anemia patients showed greater left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameters compared to controls (p < 0.001).
- Reduced systolic function (EF, FS) and abnormal diastolic function (IRT, E/A ratio) were observed in patients (p < 0.02).
- Left ventricular mass was significantly increased in sickle cell anemia patients (p < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- Left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions are significantly impaired in patients with sickle cell anemia.
- Patients with sickle cell anemia have increased left ventricular mass compared to healthy individuals.
- These echocardiographic findings underscore the cardiac burden associated with sickle cell anemia.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in patients with sickle cell anemia. Fifty-four patients (34 male, 20 female, mean age 22.6 +/- 7.3 years) and 23 healthy persons (12 male, 11 female, mean age 26.7 +/- 6.8 years) were studied. After clinical examination and routine biochemical evaluation by a hematologist, patients with sickle cell anemia were admitted to the study. M-mode and 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic measurements of patients and controls were performed according to criteria of the American Echocardiography Society. The values of the patient groups were compared with the values of normal healthy subjects (controls). Left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameters of sickle cell patients were greater than those of controls (p < 0.001). All of the sickle cell anemia patients had reduced systolic cardiac function (EF: 0.57 +/- 0.1 vs 0.63 +/- 0.06 and FS: 0.30 +/- 0.06 vs 0.34 +/- 0.04, p < 0.02) and abnormal diastolic left ventricular function parameters compared with the control group (IRT: 114 +/- 20 msec vs 65 +/- 7 msec, p < 0.0001; E/A ratio: 1.2 +/- 0.5 vs 1.6 +/- 0.04, p < 0.01). Left ventricular mass (LVM) was greater in patients than in controls (222 +/- 78 g vs 177 +/- 46 g, p < 0.01). Left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions were abnormal in patients with sickle cell anemia, and the left ventricular mass was greater in the patients compared with controls.