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Chlamydia positivity versus prevalence. What's the difference?

L W Dicker¹, D J Mosure, W C Levine

¹Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

|May 20, 1998

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Chlamydia positivity accurately estimates prevalence in family planning and STD clinics. This finding is crucial for monitoring chlamydia rates in women, ensuring effective public health strategies.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Infectious Disease Control

Background:

Chlamydia screening data often lacks personal identifiers, hindering repeat test identification.
Positivity is currently used to estimate chlamydia prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the accuracy of positivity as an estimate of chlamydia prevalence.
To assess this in family planning and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic settings.

Main Methods:

Analysis of chlamydia screening data from three US geographic areas.
Utilized programs with unique patient identifiers to track repeat testing.

Main Results:

Positivity closely estimated prevalence in family planning clinics.

Keywords:

Americas Chlamydia Comparative Studies Developed Countries Diseases Examinations And Diagnoses Family Planning Family Planning Programs Infections Measurement North America Northern America Prevalence Reproductive Tract Infections Research Methodology Research Report Screening Sexually Transmitted Diseases Studies United States

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Positivity underestimated prevalence in STD clinics, but the difference was less than 0.5%.

The accuracy of positivity depends on repeat test rates and positivity among repeat tests.

Conclusions:

Positivity is a reliable indicator for monitoring chlamydia prevalence in women.
This applies to both family planning and STD clinic populations.
Positivity can be effectively used for public health surveillance of chlamydia.