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A controlled evaluation of an elementary school primary prevention program for eating problems

L Smolak1, M P Levine, F Schermer

  • 1Department of Psychology, Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio 43022, USA. smolak@kenyon.edu

Journal of Psychosomatic Research
|May 20, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a primary prevention program for fifth graders to promote healthy eating and body image. While knowledge improved, the curriculum did not significantly change behaviors or body esteem.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Education

Background:

  • Growing concern for early eating disorder prevention.
  • Need for school-based programs targeting elementary students.
  • Focus on healthy eating, exercise, and body image.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop and evaluate a primary prevention curriculum for fifth graders.
  • Encourage healthy habits and positive body image.
  • Discourage unhealthy dieting and body dissatisfaction.

Main Methods:

  • A ten-lesson curriculum delivered by teachers.
  • Pre-post controlled experimental design.
  • Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in 222 students.

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Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in knowledge regarding nutrition, dieting, and body fat.
  • Positive impact on attitudes towards overweight individuals.
  • No significant changes observed in eating patterns, exercise, or weight reduction attempts.

Conclusions:

  • The curriculum effectively enhanced knowledge about healthy lifestyles.
  • Attitudinal shifts were modest, with a positive effect on body image perceptions.
  • Behavioral changes were not demonstrated, indicating a need for further intervention refinement.