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Vestibular function in the fetal sheep

P J Antonelli1, R M Abrams, K J Gerhardt

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0264, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|May 20, 1998
PubMed
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The fetal sheep

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • The prenatal development and function of the vestibular system are not well understood.
  • The vestibular system plays a crucial role in balance, spatial orientation, and motor control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the vestibular system in fetal sheep responds to caloric stimulation in utero.
  • To establish a fetal sheep model for studying vestibular development and function.

Main Methods:

  • Instrumented late-gestation fetal sheep (n=6) via midline hysterotomy.
  • Inserted caloric probes into the bulla and beneath facial skin; monitored electro-ocular activity.
  • Applied thermal (warm/cold) and sham caloric stimulation to the bulla and facial skin.

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Main Results:

  • Caloric stimulation of the bulla elicited vestibular nystagmus (slow-phase deviations and contralateral saccades) in fetal sheep.
  • Response direction reversed with warm vs. cold water stimulation.
  • Facial skin stimulation produced only random eye movements, indicating vestibular specificity.

Conclusions:

  • The vestibular system is functional in fetal sheep prior to birth.
  • This fetal sheep model can be used to explore the role of prenatal vestibular function in fetal brain maturation.