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Cardioprotection by activation of NO/cGMP pathway after cardioplegic arrest and 8-hour storage
I S Ali1, M Gandhi, B A Finegan
1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Background:
We determined whether activation of the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) protects hearts subjected to cardioplegic arrest and prolonged hypothermic storage.
Methods:
Isolated rat hearts arrested with St. Thomas' II cardioplegia and stored at 3 degrees +/- 1 degree C for 8 hours were reperfused at 37 degrees C in Langendorff (10 minutes) and working (60 minutes) modes.
Results:
During reperfusion, left ventricular work was depressed in stored hearts relative to fresh hearts. When present during arrest, storage, and both reperfusion phases, SNP (200 mumol/L) improved work to values close to those in fresh hearts. When added only during the 10-minute period of Langendorff reperfusion, SNP also improved the subsequent recovery of work. This effect was antagonized by the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). Poststorage coronary perfusion was not increased by SNP.
Conclusions:
The ability of SNP to enhance recovery independent of changes in coronary perfusion and in an ODQ-sensitive manner suggests that SNP-induced protection is due to activation of the myocardial nitric oxide/cyclic guanisine monophosphate pathway. These results suggest that supplementing cardioplegic solutions with SNP, administering SNP during early reperfusion, or both may offer additional means to improve donor heart preservation.