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Related Experiment Videos

Xenogeneic transplantation

H Auchincloss1, D H Sachs

  • 1Transplant Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.

Annual Review of Immunology
|May 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Xenotransplantation research is overcoming key immune barriers, including hyperacute rejection, through targeted interventions. Future strategies focus on managing cellular immune responses for successful organ transplantation across species.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Biology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Xenotransplantation, using animal organs in humans, faces significant physiological, immunological, and infectious hurdles.
  • Understanding these obstacles is crucial for advancing the clinical application of xenotransplantation.
  • Recent progress has been made in addressing the complex challenges inherent in cross-species organ transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical history and rationale for xenotransplantation.
  • To summarize recent advancements in understanding and overcoming xenotransplantation obstacles.
  • To discuss strategies for managing immunological and infectious barriers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical history and scientific literature on xenotransplantation.

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  • Analysis of physiological, immunological, and infectious challenges.
  • Evaluation of current and proposed strategies to overcome rejection.

    • Main Results:

    • Hyperacute rejection, an early immunological obstacle, is nearing a solution through interventions targeting antibody binding, complement fixation, and endothelial activation.
    • Mechanisms of delayed xenograft/acute vascular rejection are complex and involve antibody/immune cell interactions and endothelial activation.
    • The cellular immune response to xenografts is potent, potentially requiring specific immunologic unresponsiveness induction.

    Conclusions:

    • Addressing xenotransplantation challenges requires a multifaceted approach.
    • Targeting pathways involved in hyperacute rejection shows promise.
    • Overcoming cellular immune responses may necessitate novel immunosuppression strategies, including specific unresponsiveness induction.