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Solid-phase microextraction of monocyclic aromatic amines from biological fluids

L S DeBruin1, P D Josephy, J B Pawliszyn

  • 1Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry (GWC), Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Analytical Chemistry
|May 26, 1998
PubMed
Summary

A new solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method allows rapid, sensitive analysis of monocyclic aromatic amines in biological fluids like urine and blood. This technique aids in biomonitoring occupational and environmental exposures.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Monocyclic aromatic amines are significant environmental and occupational toxicants.
  • Accurate quantification in biological matrices is crucial for health risk assessment.
  • Existing methods for amine analysis can be time-consuming or require complex sample preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) protocol for the quantitative analysis of monocyclic aromatic amines.
  • To adapt the SPME method for biological fluids including urine, blood, and milk.
  • To establish a rapid and sensitive analytical technique for biomonitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).

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  • Optimization of extraction parameters: temperature, pH, and ionic strength for five target amines (aniline, o-toluidine, 2-chloroaniline, 2,6-dimethylaniline, 2,4,6-trimethylaniline).
  • Analysis of analytes in complex biological matrices (urine, blood, milk).

    • Main Results:

    • The developed SPME method demonstrated good reproducibility (RSD > 11%) across different biological fluids.
    • Method detection limits were found to be low, ranging from 0.40 ppb to 7.7 ppb.
    • The entire analytical procedure, including extraction and analysis, can be completed within 15 minutes for a 5-mL sample.

    Conclusions:

    • The optimized headspace SPME protocol provides a rapid, sensitive, and reproducible method for quantifying monocyclic aromatic amines in biological samples.
    • This technique is suitable for the biomonitoring of individuals exposed to these compounds through occupational, environmental, or medical sources.
    • The method offers a valuable tool for assessing exposure levels and potential health risks associated with monocyclic aromatic amines.