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Related Experiment Videos

Genomic evidence for two functionally distinct gene classes

M C Rivera1, R Jain, J E Moore

  • 1Molecular Biology Institute and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 30, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Massive gene transfer before eukaryotic cell formation created two prokaryotic gene groups: informational and operational. Eukaryotic genes show mixed origins, linking to both ancient archaea and bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The origin of eukaryotic cells involves understanding gene transfer events between prokaryotes.
  • Prokaryotic genomes are known to comprise distinct gene sets with varying evolutionary histories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary origins of eukaryotic genes by comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes.
  • To identify distinct lineages within prokaryotic genomes and their contribution to eukaryotic gene sets.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomics analysis of complete genomes.
  • Ortholog identification across Methanococcus jannaschii, Escherichia coli, Synechocystis 6803, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Main Results:

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  • Prokaryotic genomes contain two gene groups: informational (translation, transcription, replication) and operational (metabolism, biosynthesis, cell envelope).
  • Informational genes in eukaryotes are most similar to Methanococcus (archaea).
  • Operational genes in eukaryotes predominantly resemble Escherichia coli (bacteria), with some similarities to Methanococcus and Synechocystis.

    • Conclusions:

    • A massive prokaryotic gene transfer event(s) likely preceded eukaryotic cell formation.
    • Eukaryotic gene composition reflects a mosaic evolutionary history, integrating genes from archaeal and bacterial lineages.