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A characterization of first-generation flowable composites

S C Bayne1, J Y Thompson, E J Swift

  • 1Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|May 28, 1998
PubMed
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New low-viscosity, or flowable, composites offer unique handling but possess mechanical properties generally 60-90% of conventional materials. Caution is advised for high-stress dental applications.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Recent introduction of numerous low-viscosity composite resins (flowable composites) into the dental market.
  • Limited published research available on the properties of these novel materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the key properties of flowable composites against traditional hybrid composites.
  • To evaluate mechanical performance and physical characteristics of emerging flowable dental materials.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted mechanical property tests (ISO 4049, ISO/DIS 6872) on eight flowable and two hybrid composite materials.
  • Assessed properties including filler content, depth of cure, flow, wear, compressive strength, diametral tensile strength, biaxial flexure strength, and toughness.

Main Results:

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  • Flowable composites exhibited mechanical properties generally ranging from 60% to 90% of conventional composites.
  • The flowable composite with the lowest flow demonstrated properties comparable to traditional composites.
  • Variability in mechanical performance was observed among the tested flowable composite materials.

Conclusions:

  • Flowable composite materials possess generally lower mechanical properties compared to conventional composites.
  • Clinical use of flowable composites in high-stress restorative dentistry applications requires careful consideration and caution.