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Related Experiment Videos

Pemoline hepatotoxicity in children

P J Marotta1, E A Roberts

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|May 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pemoline can cause severe liver damage in children, ranging from mild enzyme elevations to liver failure requiring transplantation. Monitoring liver enzymes is crucial during treatment with pemoline and methylphenidate.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hepatology
  • Clinical Toxicology
  • Pharmacovigilance

Background:

  • Pemoline is a central nervous system stimulant previously used for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • Hepatotoxicity is a known, albeit rare, adverse effect of pemoline.
  • The spectrum of pemoline-induced liver injury can vary significantly.

Observation:

  • This report details five pediatric cases of pemoline hepatotoxicity.
  • One case involved fulminant liver failure necessitating an orthotopic liver transplant.
  • The onset of liver damage was variable, sometimes occurring late in the treatment course.

Findings:

  • Pemoline demonstrably causes toxic liver damage in the pediatric population.
  • The severity of pemoline hepatotoxicity is highly variable.

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  • A potential synergistic effect between pemoline and methylphenidate on liver damage was observed.

    • Implications:

    • Clinicians should be vigilant for pemoline-induced liver injury in children.
    • Regular monitoring of serum aminotransferases is recommended during pemoline therapy.
    • Consideration of combined pemoline and methylphenidate use requires careful risk-benefit assessment due to potential synergistic hepatotoxicity.