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Transendoscopic chemical ablation of progressive ethmoidal hematomas in standing horses
J Schumacher1, T Yarbrough, J Pascoe
1Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, Texas Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, USA.
Objective:
To examine the response of horses with progressive ethmoidal hematoma (PEH) to intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution.
Study Design:
Nasal passages of horses affected with PEH were examined endoscopically at different intervals to determine the effects of intralesional injection of formaldehyde solution.
Animals:
21 horses with PEH.
Methods:
PEHs were injected transendoscopically with 4% formaldehyde solution. Horses were examined endoscopically and retreated at different intervals until the PEH was eliminated or was so small that reinjection was not possible.
Results:
Lesions diminished significantly in size or were eliminated after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.0 +/- 5.62). Seventeen lesions (60.7%) resolved completely after 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.2 +/- 5.71). Five lesions decreased markedly in size but did not resolve after receiving 1 to 18 injections (median, 5; mean, 7.6 +/- 6.66). Injection of these lesions was discontinued 4.0 to 25.1 months (median, 9.5; mean, 11.02 +/- 8.446) after the first injection. The PEH of one horse was removed surgically after one injection. Three horses, one with bilateral PEH, were lost to follow-up. One horse developed signs of laminitis. No other complications were observed.
Conclusions:
Horses with a PEH can be treated effectively by transendoscopic, intralesional injection of 4% formaldehyde solution.
Clinical Relevance:
Ablation of PEH using formaldehyde solution avoids general anesthesia and problems associated with ablation by conventional surgery or laser.