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[Vulvovaginal mycoses]
1Klinikum Frankfurt (Oder), Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Humboldt-Universität (Charite) zu Berlin.
Abstract:
Due to its pathogenety Candida albicans is the most frequent yeast in cases of vaginal candidosis, probably mostly caused by local immunological weakness. In 5-30% one can expect a vaginal yeast colonisation depending on age, estrogen influence, pregnancy and dispositions by illness. Prepartal vaginal yeast colonisation should be treated to protect the newborn. The only typical symptom of acute vaginal candidosis is itching. Beside history and clinical symptoms, examination of vaginal secretion by phase contrast microscopy and the yeast culture are cornerstones of the diagnosis. Antimycotic resistance should be investigated only by specialists. Acute Candida albicans vaginitis should be treated locally by one or three day therapy. Candida glabrata vaginitis can be treated with high doses of oral fluconazole.
Insights
Vaginal candidosis, often caused by Candida albicans due to immune weakness, requires diagnosis via microscopy and culture. Treatment varies, with local therapy for Candida albicans and oral fluconazole for Candida glabrata.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Gynecology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Candida albicans is the most common cause of vaginal candidosis, often linked to local immunological factors.
- Vaginal yeast colonization affects 5-30% of women, influenced by age, hormones, pregnancy, and underlying illnesses.
- Prepartum yeast colonization necessitates treatment to safeguard newborns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnosis and treatment strategies for vaginal candidosis.
- To differentiate management approaches for Candida albicans and Candida glabrata infections.
- To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on patient history, clinical symptoms, phase contrast microscopy of vaginal secretions, and yeast cultures.
- Antimycotic resistance testing is reserved for specialist investigation.
- Treatment protocols involve local therapies for acute Candida albicans vaginitis and oral fluconazole for Candida glabrata vaginitis.
Main Results:
- Acute vaginal candidosis typically presents with itching.
- Effective diagnosis is achieved through microscopic examination and yeast culture.
- Specific treatments are available for different Candida species, including localized therapies and oral antifungals.
Conclusions:
- Prompt diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial for managing vaginal candidosis.
- Distinguishing between Candida albicans and Candida glabrata is essential for effective therapeutic selection.
- Local immunological status plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of vaginal candidosis.