[Advances in anesthesiology in the 90's]

Author looks over the novelties in anaesthesiology in the 90-ies; (1) effort to relief not only the postoperative, but in general, every kind of pain; (2) publication of evidence based guidelines; (3) standpoints according to perioperative risk factors; (4) conception of preemptive analgesia; (5) usage of modern brain imaging techniques in anaesthesiology also; (6) researches about the sites, where general anaesthetics exert their effect; (7) new volatile anaesthetics (desflurane, sevoflurane); (8) researches, targeting the use of xenon; (9) new i.v. anaesthetics-analgesics (propofol, remifentanil, S(+)-ketamine, eltanolone) and their administration (TCI); (10) potential interactions between NO and anaesthetic agents; (11) new neuromuscular blocking drugs (mivacurium, rocuronium, cis-atracurium) and the new possibilities of neuromuscular monitoring; (12) question of difficult intubation (McCoy and bullard laringoscopes, laryngeal mask); (13) synthesis of the new elements for the challenges of the surgical practice: the anaesthesiological solution of laparoscopic surgery, one-day surgery, minimally invasive heart-surgery; (14) TIVA (recognition of awareness during operation); (15) closed circuit anaesthesia; (16) reduction of expenses; (17) application of computer and data management techniques; (18) organizational steps in order to achieve an integrated standard throughout the country.